Africa at a Glance: Facts and Figures

Description

Although a great deal of attention is focused on Africa�s economic failures and political instability, a factual compendium such as this, the 16th edition of Africa at a Glance, serves as a reminder of the many positive achievements which need to be appreciated. This compilation has been issued since 1968. It has been prepared to fulfill the need for an up-to-date and concise compendium of published but not readily accessible data on the countries of Africa. Every effort has been made to provide the most current as well as authoritative information. Apart from presenting the latest available data, new tables, maps and diagrams have been added. Attention may be drawn particularly to the inclusion of new tables in Section Two: Poverty and Selected Risk Indicators. While the raison d��tre of the Africa Institute of South African is the conducting and dissemination of scholarly research, it is also concerned with the collection and dissemination of statistical and other factual data about the African continent. The present issue of Africa at a Glance serves the latter purpose.

Subjects

• Books
• Education
• Handboooks
• Reference work

Informations

• Published by: Africa Institute of South Africa
• Published: 27 February 2015
• Reads: 2
• EAN13: 9780798304979
• Language: English
• Document size: 51 MB

Exrait

AFRICA at a glance

facts and figures 16th Edition

Compiled by Elize Van As

at a glance

AFRICA First Published in 1968 by the Africa Institute of South Africa Private Bag X41 Pretoria South Africa, 0001

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ISBN: 9780798304917

© Copyright Africa Institute of South Africa 2016

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The Africa Institute of South Africa is a think tank and research organisation, that focuses on political, socioeconomic, international and development is sues in contemporary Africa. The Institute conducts research, publishes books, monographs, occasional papers, policy briefs and a quarterly journal – Africa Insight. The Institute holds regular seminars on issues of topical interest. It is also home to one of the best library and documentation centres worldwide, with materials on every African country.

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Contents

Editorial Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Chapter 1: Introductory Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1  Country Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3  Island States and Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7  Official and Other Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10  Geographical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Chapter 2: Social Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18  Global Population Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19  African Populations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21  Countries Ranked According to Size (Population and Territory) . . . . . . . . . . . . 24  Urban Populations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25  Africa’s Major Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27  Human Development Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31  Poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33  Adult Literacy and School Enrolment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35  Life Expectancy and Child Mortality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37  Selected Risk Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Chapter 3: Economic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44  Regional Economic Groupings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46  Currencies and Exchange Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47  Gross National Income (GNI) and Purchasing Power Parity (GNI) . . . . . . . . . . . 49  Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Composition of GDP and GDP Growth . . . . . . . 51  External Merchandise Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54  External Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56  Development Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58  Foreign Direct Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60  Transport (Selected Indicators) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63  Power and Communications (Selected Indicators) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Chapter 4: Political Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68  Africa’s Present Leaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69  Previous and Forthcoming Elections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78  Military Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82  Democracy Index 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Selected Sources . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

i i

AFRICA

at a glance

Editorial Notes

This is the sixteenth edition ofAfrica at a Glancesince it was first published in 1968. Compilation of the data for this issue was completed during December 2015, though at a glance it should be noted that more recent information than 2011 has been unavailable on several topics. AFRI Alth C ough A the most authoritative sources have been used, various factors influence the comparability of statistics for the various countries. The data in this book should therefore be seen as indicating salient features and broad trends, rather than being accurate measures of differences between countries.

ii

A significant feature ofAfrica at a Glancein recent years has been subdivision of the tables to provide data for at least six African macro-regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, Southern Africa, North-east Africa, Central Africa, West Africa and the Western Indian Ocean.

Symbols used in the tables .. Indicates data not available or not relevant

Abbreviations GDP Gross Domestic Product GNI Gross National Income HS Head of State IAP International Airport NA National Assembly ND National Day PM Prime Minister PPP Purchasing Power Parity SEA Sub-Equatorial Africa SP Seaport SSA Sub-Saharan Africa

Chapter 1

Introductory Data

Tables Country Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Island States and Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Official and Other Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Geographical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Maps and Graphs

Africa Political, Sub-Saharan Africa and Sub-Equatorial Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Subequatorial Africa and Associated Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Six African Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Indigenous Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Arabic and European Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Christianity and Islam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Standard Time Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Africa and the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

INTRODUCTORY DATA

1

AFRICA

at a glance

FIGURE 1:  Africa Political, Sub-Saharan Africa and Sub-Equatorial Africa

2

INTRODUCTORY DATA

Sources: 14, 31

Congolese (single and plural)

Ivorian(s)

Brazzaville

1 Yamoussoukro

Beninese or Beninois

President Paul Biya – in office since November 1982

Cape Verdean(s)

Motswana (single) Batswana (plural)

Kinshasa

Burundian(s)

3

Burkinese or Burkinabe

Congolese (single and plural)

President Roch Marc Christian Kaboré – in office since December 2015

Cameroonian(s)

Central African(s)

Comoran(s)

President Jorge Carlos de Almeida Fonseca – in office since September 2011

President Boni Yayi – in office since April 2006

President Pierre Nkurunziza – in office since November 2005

President Ian Khama – in office since April 2008

Porto Novo

Luanda

Ndjamena

Bangui

Gaborone

Interim president Catherine Samba-Panza – in office since January 2014

President Idriss Déby Itno – in office since December 1990

CONGO, Republic of -

Angolan(s)

President José Eduardo dos Santos – in office since September 1979

President Abdelaziz Bouteflika –in office since April 1999

Ouagadougou

Bujumbura

Yaoundé

Praia

BOTSWANA, Republic of -

BURUNDI, Republic of -

BURKINA FASO, Republic of -

CAPE VERDE, Republic of -

CAMEROON, Republic of -

Moroni

COMOROS. Union of the Comoros

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (DRC)

CHAD, Republic of -

BENIN, Republic of -

CÔTE D’IVOIRE, Republic of -

Algerian(s)

More particulars of heads of state appear in Table 25. ●

Equatorial Guinea consists of a mainland portion and several islands. ●

Of the 54 countries, 49 are situated in the continent and six are island states (see also Table 2). ●

This table shows all 54 independent African states. Data for non-independent territories are given in ● Table 2.

ALGERIA, People’s Democratic Republic of -

Algiers

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC (CAR)

Chadian(s)

TABLE 1: Country Checklist

Head of state

ANGOLA, Republic of -

Nationality

Independence date and national day (ND)

5 July 1975 ND 5 July

1 January 1960 ND 20 May

11 August 1960 ND 11 August

13 August 1960 ND 1 December

15 August 1960 ND 15 August

6 July 1975 ND 6 July

30 June 1960 ND 30 June

7 August 1960 ND 7 August

President Denis Sassou- Nguesso – in office since October 1997

President Ikililou Dhoinine – in office since May 2011

President Joseph Kabila Kabange – in office since January 2001

President Alassane Ouattara – in office since December 2010

Official English name of country

Capital

5 July 1962 ND 1 November

11 November 1975 ND 11 November

1 August 1960 ND 1 August

30 September 1966 ND 30 September

5 August 1960 ND 11 December

1 July 1962 ND 1 July

INTRODUCTORY DATA

GUINEA-BISSAU, Republic of -

Maseru

Tripoli

Antananarivo

Independence date and national day (ND)

Capital

Head of state

Nationality

Libyan(s)

Liberian(s)

Madagascan(s) or Malagasy (single and plural)

Lilongwe

Bissau

Nairobi

Conakry

Malabo

Ethiopian(s)

Eritrean(s)

Egyptian(s)

President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo – in office since October 1979

Libreville

ETHIOPIA, Federal Democratic Republic of -

4

INTRODUCTORY DATA

Asmara

Addis Ababa

ERITREA, State of -

24 May 1993 ND 24 May

Ancient ND 28 May

17 August 1960 ND 17 August

18 February 1965 ND 18 February

GUINEA, Republic of -

GAMBIA, Republic of The -

GHANA, Republic of -

LIBERIA, Republic of -

DJIBOUTI, Republic of -

KENYA, Republic of -

LESOTHO, Kingdom of -

GABON, Republic of -

President Peter Mutharika – in office since June 2014

President of the House of Representatives Aguila Saleh Essa Gwaidar – in office since August 2014

President Hery Rajaonarimampianina – in office since January 2014

Malawian(s)

President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf – in office since January 2006

Monrovia

12 December 1963 ND 12 December

10 September 1974 ND 24 September

2 October 1958 ND 3 April

6 March 1957 ND 6 March

King Letsie III – in office from November 1990 to January 1995 and then again from February 1996

6 July 1964 ND 6 July

26 June 1960 ND 26 June

24 December 1951 ND 1 September

26 July 1847 ND 26 July

4 October 1966 ND 4 October

President Ali Bongo Ondimba – in office since October 2009

President Yahya Jammeh – in office since July 1994

President John Dramani Mahama – in office since July 2012

Mosotho (single) Basotho (plural)

Kenyan(s)

Guinean(s)

President Alpha Condé – in office since December 2010

President José Mario Vaz – in office since June 2014

President Uhuru Kenyatta – in office since April 2013

Djibouti

Official English name of country

Ghanaian(s)

President Isaias Afewerki – in office since May 1993

Guinean(s)

Gambian(s)

Gabonese (single and plural)

Djiboutian(s)

Equatoguinean(s) or Equatorial Guinean(s)

President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi – in office since June 2014

President Ismail Omar Guelleh – in office since May 1999

12 October 1968 ND 12 October

EQUATORIAL GUINEA, Republic of -

EGYPT, Arab Republic of -

Cairo

MADAGASCAR, Republic of -

MALAWI, Republic of -



President Mulatu Teshome Wirtu – in office since October 2013

LIBYA, Libyan Republic

Accra

28 February 1922 ND 23 July

27 June 1977 ND 27 June

Banjul