Los Evangélicos
Portraits of Latino Protestantism in the United States
J F M L S,
LOS EVANGÉLICOS Portraits of Latino Protestantism in the United States
Copyright © 2009 Lindy Scott. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in critical publications or reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Write: Permissions, Wipf and Stock Publishers, 199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3, Eugene, OR 97401.
Wipf & Stock A Division of Wipf and Stock Publishers 199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3 Eugene, OR 97401 www.wipfandstock.com
ISBN 13: 978-1-60608-270-6
Manufactured in the U.S.A.
Original title in Spanish:Iglesias peregrinas en busca de identidad: Cuadros del protestantismo latino en los Estados Unidos © 2004 by Ediciones Kairós Published by Ediciones Kairós José Mármol 1734, B1602EAF Florida Buenos Aires, Argentina Translated by Gretchen Abernathy.
Scripture taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved.
Contents
Acknowledgments vii List of Contributors ix Prologueby Justo L. Gonzálezxiii Introduction: Portraits of Latino Protestantism in the United States xix
S O: H, B N J O H 1
1 Origins of Protestantism Among Latinos in the Southwestern United States (1836–1900) 5 Juan Francisco Martínez Guerra
2 Latino American Baptist Churches 21 Eduardo Font
3 Latino Districts of the Assemblies of God in the United States 38 Sergio Navarrete
4 Apostolic Assembly of the Faith in Christ Jesus 51 Ismael Martín del Campo
5 e Evangelical Free Church of America 76 Lindy Scott
6 Last Call Ministries 94 Tony Solórzano
S T: C C L A P U S 103
7 Acculturation and the Latino Protestant Church in the United States 105 Juan Francisco Martínez Guerra
8 Faithful in the Struggle: A Historical Perspective on Hispanic Protestant Women in the United States 120 Nora O. Lozano
9 Reies López Tijerina: e Visions and Obedience of a Pentecostal Activist 141 Lindy Scott
10 Alabaré a mi Señor: Culture and Ideology in Latino Protestant Hymnody 151 Daniel Ramírez
11 Gospel, History, Border, and Mission: Notes for a Missiology from a Hispanic/Latino Perspective 173 Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi
12 Mass Media and Latino Churches 184 Janet Lynn Treviño de Elizarraraz
Conclusion: Visions of the Future 199 Bibliography 203
Acknowledgments
published with the generous financial support of T two organizations: eComisión de Estudios de Historia de la Iglesia en América Latina y el Caribe,Commission for the Study of the History of the Church in Latin America and the Caribbean (CEHILA), exists to write the history of Latin American Christianity from the “perspective of the poor and the marginalized, in a scientific, critical, and ecumenical manner.” For more information, visit www.cehila.org. Wheaton College, an Evangelical college in Wheaton, Illinois, gave a grant for the publication of this book as part of its commitment to doing everything “For Christ and His Kingdom.” For more information about the work and mission of Wheaton College, visit www.wheaton.edu.
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Contributors
Carlos F. CardozaOrlandiprofessor of world Christianity at is Columbia eological Seminary. With his doctorate in mission, ecumenics, and history of religions from Princeton eological Seminary, Cardoza-Orlandi contributes to critical reflection on missiology in Caribbean, Latin American, and Hispanic-Latino contexts. He has authored numerous books, includingMission: An Essential Guide (Abingdon, 1999)—also in Spanish and Korean— andUna historia general de las misiones(Barcelona: CLIE, 2008), with Justo González, forthcoming in English and Portuguese. In 2007, he was awarded the Building Bridges Awardby the Islamic Speakers Bureau of Atlanta, a religious organization that, through dialogue and education, seeks understanding among religions in the United States. He has more than ten years of ministerial experience and participates actively in congregational life and in inter-cultural and inter-religious mission organizations. He lives with his wife and three children in Decatur, Georgia.
Eduardo Fontis president of the Alberto Mottesi School of Evangelists and the founding pastor of the Esperanza Viva Church. He has been a leader in the American Baptist Church for many years. He has been a pastor, a professor, and the director of various programs of theological study, including Fuller Seminary’s Hispanic Studies department. He is a graduate of the University of California and the Seminario Internacional Teológico Bautista. Among his many publi-cations areLa evangelización: Aquí y ahoraandPasando la antorcha(Editorial Kerygma, 2006).
Nora O. Lozano, Mexican, is associate professor of theological studies at the Baptist University of the Américas in San Antonio, Texas and co-founder and co-director of the Latina Leadership Institute. She received her bachelor’s degree from theUniversidad Regiomontanain Monterrey, Mexico, her master’s degree from Eastern Baptist Seminary in Philadelphia, and her doctorate from Drew University. She specializes in Latin American and Hispanic theology, women’s
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Contributors
studies and systematic theology. She lives in San Antonio, Texas with her husband Paul Kraus and their two children, Andrea and Eric.
Ismael Martín del Campois the international secretary of Christian education for the Apostolic Assembly. He also served as bishop for the Los Angeles district of the Apostolic Assembly. In the last fieen years he has been the pastor of the Christian Family Center in South Gate, California. He comes from a family which includes five gen-erations of Apostolics. Before coming to the United States in 1992, he served as dean of theCentro Cultural Mexicano, a theological in-stitution of theIglesia Apostólica de México. He is currently the presi-dent of the International Apostolic Bible Colleges for the Apostolic Assembly. He has published several books, among themLa familia, escuela de valores,Apologetic Doctrinal Symposium, andStrategy of Jesus: Friendship Groups. He and his wife Oralia have two sons, Ismael Jr. and Jasiel.
Juan Francisco Martínez Guerraassistant dean for the Hispanic is Church Studies Department and associate professor of Hispanic studies and pastoral leadership at Fuller eological Seminary. He has been a pastor and a professor for over twenty-five years, including eight years as president of theSeminario Anabautista Latinoamericano in Guatemala City. His areas of scholarship and publications are Latino Protestantism in the United States and Anabaptists in Latin America. Juan and his wife, Olga, live in Sunland, California. ey have two children, Xaris and Josué.
Sergio Navarrete is superintendent of the Southern Pacific Latin American District of the Assemblies of God denomination. He re-ceived his doctor of ministry in spiritual formation from the Hagaard School of eology of Azusa Pacific University. He rejoices in his loving family, consisting of his wife Janice and their two daughters, Andrea and Aimee. Dr. Navarrete is originally from Tijuana, Mexico and has been an Assemblies of God pastor in the United States for twenty-two years. He is an adjunct professor at Azusa Pacific University, Vanguard University, theSeminario Teológico Latino-Americano de las Asambleas de Dios, and theInstituto Bíblico Latino-Americanoin La Puente, California.
Daniel Ramírezassistant professor of religious studies at Arizona is State University. His areas of research and teaching include religions of the Southwest borderlands and migration, with a special inter-est in the history of religious contact, conflict, and conversion in
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