Bazerman Bazerman A T H EO RY O F LITERATE ACTIONVOL. 2 L I E R AT E AC T I O N: L I T E R AT E AC T I O N VO LU M E 2
CharlesBazerman
PERSPECTIVES ON WRITING Serîes Edîtor, Susan H. Mceod
PERSPECTIVES ON WRITING Serîes Edîtor, Susan H. Mceod
he Perspectîves on Wrîtîng serîes addresses wrîtîng studîes în a broad sense. Consîstent wît te wîde rangîng approaces caracterîstîc o teacîng and scoarsîp în wrîtîng across te currîcuum, te serîes presents works tat take dîvergent perspectîves on workîng as a wrîter, teacîng wrîtîng, admînîsterîng wrîtîng programs, and studyîng wrîtîng în îts varîous orms.
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A THEORY OF LITERATE ACTION: LITERATE ACTION VOLUME 2
Cares Bazerman
he WAC Cearîngouse wac.coostate.edu Fort Coîns, Coorado
Paror Press www.parorpress.com Anderson, Sout Caroîna
he WAC Cearîngouse, Fort Coîns, Coorado 80523-1052 Paror Press, 3015 Brackenberry Drîve, Anderson, Sout Caroîna 29621
© 2013 by Cares Bazerman. hîs work îs îcensed under a Creatîve Commons Attrî-butîon-Noncommercîa-No Derîvatîve Works 3.0 Unîted States îcense.
Prînted în te Unîted States o Amerîca
îbrary o Congress Cataogîng-în-Pubîcatîon Data
A heory o îterate Actîon: îterate Actîon Voume 2 / by Cares Bazerman. pages cm. -- (Perspectîves on wrîtîng) ïncudes bîbîograpîca reerences. ïSBN 978-1-60235-477-7 (pbk.: acîd-ree paper) -- ïSBN 978-1-60235-478-4 (ardcover: acîd-ree paper) -- ïSBN 978-1-60235-479-1 (adobe ebook) -- ïSBN 978-1-60235-480-7 (epub)
Copyedîtor: Don Donaue Desîgner: Mîke Pamquîst Serîes Edîtor: Susan H. Mceod
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CONTENTS
Introduction � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �3
Capter 1� he Symbolic Animal and te Cultural Transformation of Nature� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �7 Wrîtîng as earned Actîvîty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Actîvîty, Work, and Transormatîon o Conscîousness . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Bîoogîca and Cutura Evoutîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 he Transormed and Extended Here and Now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Non-Symboîc and Symboîc Cognîtîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 anguage as Sîtuated, Embodîed Utterance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 anguage, îteracy, and Cognîtîve Deveopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Capter 2� Symbolic Selves in Society: Vygotsky on Language and Formation of te Social Mind � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �25 înguîstîc Structure and îterary Afect: Vygotsky’s Catarsîs . . . . .26 Goas, Obstaces, and Empowerment: Vygotsky’s Ader . . . . . . . . .28 Cognîtîve Toos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Second Order Symbo Systems and Conscîousness Deveopment . .34 ïnteractîon and Se-Reguatîon: ïnLuencîng Oters and ïnLuencîng te Se . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Paces o Pay, Se-Artîcuatîon, and Deveopment . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Capter 3� Active Social Symbolic Selves: Vygotskian Traditions � � � � � � �43 Actîvîty, Object, Afect, and Socîa System: eont’ev . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Compex Actîvîty Systems: Engeström . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Wrîtten Genres în Actîvîty Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 ReLectîvîty în ïndîvîdua and Group Wrîtîng Actîvîty . . . . . . . . . . .55 Meanîng, Conscîousness, and Actîvîty: urîa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Capter 4� Active Social Symbolic Selves: he Penomenological Sociology Tradition � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �65 Scutz, te Probems o Economîc Beavîor, and a UnîIed Socîa Scîence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 Scutz’s TypîIcatîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 he TypîIed ïnterna and Externa, and te Faîng Away o te UntypîIabe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 Reevance în Conscîousness and Externaîzed Medîatîons . . . . . . . .72 he Natura Attîtude and te Pu o TypîIed Conscîousness . . . . .73 Crîtîques o Socîa Constructîon and Ways Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
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TypîIcatîon, Novety, and Partîcuarîzed Meanîngs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 TypîIcatîon and Partîcuarîty: Apprecîatîng te Musîc o îe . . . . . 79 Scutz, Berger, and uckman and te Socîa Productîon o te Everyday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Capter 5� Active Social Symbolic Selves: he Pragmatic Tradition witin American Social Science� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �85 Pîosopîc Pragmatîsm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Pragmatîsm as a Perspectîve or Socîa Understandîng and Actîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 he Dîferences and Commonaîtîes o Eary Pragmatîsms . . . . . . . 88 Peîrce’s Semîotîcs wît ïnterpretatîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 James’s Psycoogy o Experîence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Dewey’s hînkîng about Probems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Dewey’s earnîng troug Actîve Experîence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 he Probem o îvîng wît Oters: Mead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Mead în Reatîon to Oter Tradîtîons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Mead, Cîcago Socîoogy, and Symboîc ïnteractîonîsm . . . . . . . . . 97 ega ïnstîtutîons and ega Practîce as Experîment: Homes . . . . . 98 Pragmatîc ïnLuences on Sapîr and înguîstîc Antropoogy . . . . . 100 Suîvan’s Pragmatîc ïnterpersona Psycîatry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 anguage and Wrîtîng as ïnterpersona and Se-Formîng . . . . . . . 104 Capter 6� Social Order: Structural and Structurational Sociology � � � �107 Merton’s Socîa Structure troug ïndîvîdua Coîce-Makîng . . . . 107 he Mecanîsms o Coîce Makîng wîtîn Opportunîty Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Terms or an Agentîve Structura Socîoogy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Merton’s Reatîon to Structuratîonîst Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 he Reevance o Meso-Penomena and heorîes o te Mîdde Range or Retorîc and Wrîtîng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Capter 7� From te Interaction Order to Sared Meanings � � � � � � � � �121 he ïnteractîon Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Proxîmate ïnteractîona Orders and Dîstant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Fragîîty o Wrîtten ïnteractîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 he ïnvîsîbîîty o Fragîîty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Creatîng Aîgnment and Readabîîty în Wrîtîng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 he ïnteractîona Potentîa and Caenges o Evokîng Nove Meanîngs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
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Capter 8� Linguistic Orders � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �135 he ïmportance o te Orderîness o anguage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Creatîng Orderîness o anguage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Keepîng anguage Ordery: Housekeepîng and Prescrîptîon . . . . . 140 earnîng Transcrîptîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Words and exîca Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Syntax and Grammar, Orderîng Word Reatîons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 he Educatîona Uses o Rues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Capter 9� Utterances and heir Meanings � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �151 Voosînov and Hîs Cîrce’s Proposa or an Utterance-Based înguîstîcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Utterance to Speec Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Socîa Facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Meanîng în te Sîtuated Speec Act Word . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Meanîng rom an Utterance Perspectîve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Sense-Makîng în Everyday îe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 he Sense-Makîng Dîicutîes o îterate ïnteractîon . . . . . . . . . . 164 Socîaîzatîon înto îterate Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Capter 10� he World in te Text: Indexed and Created � � � � � � � � � � � �169 ocutîonary Acts, ïdeatîona Functîons, Cronotopes . . . . . . . . . 170 Genred Ontoogîes and te Work o Expandîng te Wordvîew o te Genre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Epîstemoogy, Accountabîîty, and Trust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 ScîentîIc Epîstemoogîes, Metods, and Vîsîbe Penomena. . . . . 174 Poîntîng at Oter Texts: ïntertextuaîty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 he ïntertext as a Resource and a Contended Topîc . . . . . . . . . . . 177 ïntertextuaîty and Socîay-Formed Conscîousness . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 ïntertextuaîty and ïndîvîduatîon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Reasonîng and heory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Trust and Prîor Beîe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 he ïnsubstantîa Pageants o Meanîng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 Capter 11� he Writer on te Spot and on te Line � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �191 he Probems o Spread o Sared Understandîngs and Actîon . . . 192 îteracy and te Organîzatîon o Socîety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 he Caenges o earnîng to Wrîte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 References � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �199
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A THEORY OF LITERATE ACTION: LITERATE ACTION VOLUME 2
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